$\newcommand{\+}{^{\dagger}}% \newcommand{\angles}[1]{\left\langle #1 \right\rangle}% \newcommand{\braces}[1]{\left\lbrace #1 \right\rbrace}% \newcommand{\bracks}[1]{\left\lbrack #1 \right\rbrack}% \newcommand{\ceil}[1]{\,\left\lceil #1 \right\rceil\,}% \newcommand{\dd}{{\rm d}}% \newcommand{\down}{\downarrow}% \newcommand{\ds}[1]{\displaystyle{#1}}% \newcommand{\equalby}[1]{{#1 \atop {= \atop \vphantom{\huge A}}}}% \newcommand{\expo}[1]{\,{\rm e}^{#1}\,}% \newcommand{\fermi}{\,{\rm f}}% \newcommand{\floor}[1]{\,\left\lfloor #1 \right\rfloor\,}% \newcommand{\half}{{1 \over 2}}% \newcommand{\ic}{{\rm i}}% \newcommand{\iff}{\Longleftrightarrow} \newcommand{\imp}{\Longrightarrow}% \newcommand{\isdiv}{\,\left.\right\vert\,}% \newcommand{\ket}[1]{\left\vert #1\right\rangle}% \newcommand{\ol}[1]{\overline{#1}}% \newcommand{\pars}[1]{\left( #1 \right)}% \newcommand{\partiald}[3][]{\frac{\partial^{#1} #2}{\partial #3^{#1}}} \newcommand{\pp}{{\cal P}}% \newcommand{\root}[2][]{\,\sqrt[#1]{\,#2\,}\,}% \newcommand{\sech}{\,{\rm sech}}% \newcommand{\sgn}{\,{\rm sgn}}% \newcommand{\totald}[3][]{\frac{{\rm d}^{#1} #2}{{\rm d} #3^{#1}}} \newcommand{\ul}[1]{\underline{#1}}% \newcommand{\verts}[1]{\left\vert\, #1 \,\right\vert}$ $\ds{\int_{0}^{\infty}{x^{a} - x^{b} \over \pars{1 + x^{a}}\pars{1 + x^{b}}}\,\dd x =\int_{0}^{\infty}{\dd x \over 1 + x^{b}} - \int_{0}^{\infty}{\dd x \over 1 + x^{a}}}$
Consideremos $\ds{\int_{0}^{\infty}{\dd x \over 1 + x^{\mu}}}$ con $\Re\pars{\mu} > 1$ . Con el cambio de variables $\ds{t \equiv {1 \over 1 + x^{\mu}}}$ $\iff$ $\ds{x = \pars{1 - t \over t}^{1/\mu}}$ \begin{align} \color{#00f}{\large\int_{0}^{\infty}{\dd x \over 1 + x^{\mu}}}&=\int_{1}^{0} t\,{1 \over \mu}\,\pars{1 - t \over t}^{1/\mu - 1}\,\pars{-\,{\dd t \over t^{2}}} ={1 \over \mu}\int_{0}^{1}t^{-1/\mu}\pars{1 - t}^{1/\mu - 1}\,\dd t \\[3mm]&={1 \over \mu}\,{\rm B}\pars{-\,{1 \over \mu} + 1,{1 \over \mu}} ={1 \over \mu}\, {\Gamma\pars{-1/\mu + 1}\Gamma\pars{1/\mu} \over \Gamma\pars{\bracks{-1/\mu + 1} + 1/\mu}} ={1 \over \mu}\,{\pi \over \sin\pars{\pi\,\bracks{1/\mu}}} \\[3mm]&=\color{#00f}{\large{\pi \over \mu}\,\csc\pars{\pi \over \mu}} \end{align}
Entonces, $$\!\!\!\color{#00f}{\large% \int_{0}^{\infty}\!\!\!{x^{a} - x^{b} \over \pars{1 + x^{a}}\pars{1 + x^{b}}}\,\dd x = {\pi \over b}\,\csc\pars{\pi \over b} - {\pi \over a}\,\csc\pars{\pi \over a}} \,,\qquad\Re\pars{a} > 1\,,\ \Re\pars{b} > 1 $$