Copiar atributos del shapefile existente al nuevo shapefile (Python 2.7.13, GDAL)

Question

Estoy tratando de copiar una selección de características de un shapefile a un shapefile separado, pero estoy atascado al tratar de establecer los atributos del shapefile separado para que sean los mismos que los del shapefile original. Primero pensé en crear una lista de atributos con el 'Nombre', 'Tipo', 'Ancho' y 'Precisión' de cada atributo y luego usar esa lista para definir los atributos del nuevo shapefile. Pero no estoy seguro de cómo hacer esto.

Mi código hasta ahora sólo construye una lista de atributos existentes y crea un nuevo shapefile:

attributes = []
for i in range(layerDef.GetFieldCount()):
    fieldName = layerDef.GetFieldDefn(i).GetName()
    fieldTypeCode = layerDef.GetFieldDefn(i).GetType()
    fieldType = layerDef.GetFieldDefn(i).GetFieldTypeName(fieldTypeCode)
    fieldWidth = layerDef.GetFieldDefn(i).GetWidth()
    GetPrecision = layerDef.GetFieldDefn(i).GetPrecision()
    attributesList = fieldName, fieldType, fieldWidth, GetPrecision
    attributes.append(attributesList)

newShapefile = driver.CreateDataSource("BuildingsFilter.shp")
srs = osr.SpatialReference()
srs.ImportFromWkt(DataSrsWkt)
newLayer = newShapefile.CreateLayer("BuildingsFilter, srs, geom_type = layer.GetLayerDefn().GetGeomType())

Answer 1

1) Con ogr, ver Sugerencia rápida: filtrado de características con OGR Python por ejemplo

from osgeo import ogr
from os import remove
in_file= "shapefileA.shp"
out_file = "shapefileB.shp"
in_ds = ogr.Open( in_file )
in_lyr = in_ds.GetLayerByIndex(0)
if exists(out_file):
    remove(out_file)
driver_name = "ESRI Shapefile"
drv = ogr.GetDriverByName( driver_name )
out_ds = drv.CreateDataSource( out_file )
proj = in_lyr.GetSpatialRef()
out_lyr = out_ds.CreateLayer(out_file.split(".")[0],proj, ogr.wkbPoint )
# copy the schema of the original shapefile to the destination shapefile
lyr_def = in_lyr.GetLayerDefn ()
for i in range(lyr_def.GetFieldCount()):
    out_lyr.CreateField ( lyr_def.GetFieldDefn(i) )

##Writing the features
for feat in selection:
    out_lyr.CreateFeature(feat)

2) Pero es mucho más fácil con Fiona (otro enlace OGR, todo son diccionarios de Python, muchos ejemplos en GIS SE)

with fiona.open(in_file) as input:
    # The output has the same schema
    output_schema = input.schema.copy()
    # write a new shapefile
    with fiona.open(out_file , 'w', 'ESRI Shapefile',output_schema, crs=input.crs) as output:
        for elem in selection: 
             output.write(elem)
             # or output.write({'properties': elem['properties'],'geometry': elem['geometry']})

3) Y con GeoPandas (Fiona + pandas )

import geopandas as gpd
input = gpd.read_file(in_file)
# show 4 first shapefile rows
input.head(4)
   Type  dip  dip_direct                  geometry
0    N   47         181  POINT (256690.6459337267 96921.05796609906)
1    R   60         175  POINT (256597.9054505839 97529.26299508238)
2    N   35         184  POINT (243734.4769253579 97348.09553964049)
3    N   35         198  POINT (244092.4983253977 97736.31151558728)
# select rows by values
selection = input.loc[input['dip'] > 60]
selection.head(4)
     Type  dip  dip_direct                                     geometry
11    R   70         146  POINT (247583.3848651695 95987.67605138522)
47    N   70         115    POINT (254177.4866783266 92510.493128259)
52    N   70         340  POINT (255987.0044773231 93405.54662835856)
53    N   70         348  POINT (256084.0584713098 93213.59539580709)

# save the resulting shapefile
selection.to_file(out_file)

Answer 2

fiona es la reina de esta tarea ( docs aquí ).

import fiona

with fiona.open('input.shp') as source:
    source_schema = source.schema
    source_driver = source.driver
    source_crs = source.crs
    print(source_schema) # attribute fields & geometry def as dict
    print(source_driver) # "ESRI Shapefile"
    print(source_crs) # coordinate system

    with fiona.open('output.shp', 'w',
                    driver=source_driver,
                    crs=source_crs,
                    schema=source_schema) as shpout:
        for feature in source:
            # if feature should be written:
            shpout.write(feature)