$\def\Re{\mathop{\mathrm{Re}}} \def\Im{\mathop{\mathrm{Im}}}$ Dejemos que $z\in \mathbb{C}$ con $|z-n\pi|\ge\dfrac{\pi}{4}$ para todos $n\in \mathbb{Z}$ . Si $$e^{|\Im(z)|}\le B|\sin{z}|, \quad \forall z \in \mathbb{C}$$ encontrar el mínimo $B$ .
He probado $B\ge 4$ pero me parece muy feo, ¿tienes métodos bonitos? Y creo que esto $B$ es el más pequeño. ¿Puedes encontrar este mínimo óptimo de $B$ ? Gracias.
La siguiente es mi solución para $B=4$ :
$$e^{|\Im(z)|}\le 4|\sin{z}|.$$
Dejemos que $z=z_{1}+iz_{2},\ z_{1}\in \mathbb{R},\ z_{2}\in \mathbb{R}$ entonces $$e^{|\Im(z)|}=e^{|z_{2}|},$$ $$|\sin{z}|=\left|\frac{e^{iz}-e^{-iz}}{2i}\right|=\frac{1}{2} |e^{iz_{1}-z_{2}}-e^{-iz_{1}+z_{2}}|.$$ (1): Si $|z_{2}|>\dfrac{\ln{2}}{2}$ entonces $$\dfrac{e^{|\Im(z)|}}{|\sin{z}|}=\dfrac{2e^{|z_{2}|}}{|e^{iz_{1}-z_{2}}-e^{-iz_{1}+z_{2}}|}\le\dfrac{2e^{|z_{2}|}}{e^{|z_{2}|}-e^{-|z_{2}|}}=\dfrac{2}{1-e^{-2|z_{2}|}}<4.$$ (2): Si $|z_{2}|\le\dfrac{\ln{2}}{2}$ ya que $|z-n\pi|\ge\dfrac{\pi}{4}$ , tenemos $$|z_{1}-n\pi+iz_{2}|\le|z_{1}-n\pi|+|iz_{2}|=|z_{1}-n\pi|-|z_{2}|$$ $$\Longrightarrow |z_{1}-n\pi|^2\ge\left(|z_{1}-n\pi+iz_{2}|+|z_{2}|\right)^2\ge\dfrac{\pi^2}{16},$$ así que $$ |\sin{z_{1}}|\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}, $$ \begin{align} \sin{z}&=\dfrac{e^{iz}-e^{-iz}}{2i}=\dfrac{e^{iz_{1}-z_{2}}-e^{-iz_{1}+z_{2}}}{2i}\\ &=-\dfrac{i}{2}(e^{-z_{2}}(\cos{z_{1}}+i\sin{z_{1}})-e^{z_{2}}(\cos{z_{1}}-i\sin{z_{1}}))\\ &=-\dfrac{i}{2}(e^{-z_{2}}\cos{z_{1}}-e^{z_{2}}\cos{z_{1}})+\dfrac{1}{2}(e^{-z_{2}}\sin{z_{1}}+e^{z_{2}}\sin{z_{1}})\\ &=-\dfrac{i}{2}\cos{z_{1}}\cdot(e^{-z_{2}}-e^{z_{2}})+\dfrac{1}{2}\sin{z_{1}}\cdot(e^{-z_{2}}+e^{z_{2}})\\ &=i\sinh{z_{2}}\cdot\cos{z_{1}}+\cosh{z_{2}}\cdot\sin{z_{1}}, \end{align} así que $$|\Re(\sin{z_{1}})|=|\sin{z_{1}}|\cdot|\cosh{z_{2}}|\ge|\sin{z_{1}}|,$$ así que $$\dfrac{e^{|\Im(z)|}}{|\sin{z}|}\le\dfrac{e^{|z_{2}|}}{|\Re(\sin{z})|}\le\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{|\sin{z_{1}}|}\le2.$$